This review provides a comprehensive discussion on the importance of adhering to ethical principles in the scientific writing process. It begins by distinguishing between the concepts of ethics, morality, and values, and proceeds to define the fundamental responsibilities within the context of research, science, and publication ethics. The obligations associated with core principles such as scientific integrity, impartiality, transparency, and accountability are explained in detail for researchers, authors, reviewers, and editors. Forms of unethical conduct, authorship violations, and the distinction between undisciplined research and ethical misconduct are illustrated with examples. Good clinical practice standards and the protection of participant rights are also emphasized. By referencing national and international ethical guidelines, the chapter reinforces the universality of ethical standards. In conclusion of review, the academic, legal, and societal consequences of ethical breaches are highlighted, along with a call to strengthen ethical culture at the institutional level.