Hip and knee arthroplasty is among the most frequently performed and successful surgical procedures in modern orthopedics, and the aging population and the increase in the prevalence of osteoarthritis are increasing the demand for these interventions. In this direction, interest in more sensitive, predictable and patient-specific surgical approaches has increased; three-dimensional (3D) printing, computer-assisted design (CAD) and robotic-assisted arthroplasty surgery (RAS) applications have become prominent technologies in modern arthroplasty practice. 3D printer technology facilitates preoperative planning through the production of patient- specific anatomical models and incision guides and contributes to intraoperative resection accuracy, especially in cases where standard instrumentation is insufficient. CAD; It allows virtual planning of implant sizing, component alignment, anatomical positioning and leg alignment restoration on a patient-specific three-dimensional bone model. Robotic-assisted systems, on the other hand, increase accuracy in component positioning with intraoperative mechanical restraint and haptic feedback mechanisms; It improves the results of surgeons with low case volume and early careers. Most of the available evidence is short- and mid-term, and limitations such as cost, production time, and lack of standardization are the main barriers to the widespread use of these technologies. In this review, the current usage areas, clinical outcomes, limitations and future perspectives of 3D printer, CAD and RAS applications are evaluated in the light of current literature.