This review aims to analyze the evolution of minimally invasive approaches in elbow surgery, current technological advancements, and future treatment standards. Literature data focusing on advanced imaging methods, Three dimensional (3D) printing technologies, navigation systems, robotic surgery, and artificial intelligence integration were synthesized within the framework of the complex anatomy of the elbow joint. Technologies such as four-dimensional computed tomography (4D CT) and photon-counting computed tomography have increased diagnostic precision in detecting mechanical impingements and cartilage damage. 3D printing and patient-specific instruments optimize surgical accuracy in the treatment of complex deformities. Augmented reality and navigation systems expand safe limits by reducing the risk of iatrogenic neurovascular injury. Robotic assistance and artificial intelligence (AI) applications digitalize the surgical workflow, while wearable sensors personalize the rehabilitation process. Elbow surgery is evolving from traditional open methods to a technology-driven, data-led, and patient-centered minimally invasive discipline. Despite high costs and steep learning curves, the integration of these technologies sets a new standard for enhancing surgical success and patient safety.